聯合聲明｜呼籲中國政府尊重言論、新聞以及集會自由停止使用暴力驅離、搜捕和平示威人士

民間司法改革基金會
2022-12-07

聯合聲明

呼籲中國政府尊重言論、新聞以及集會自由

停止使用暴力驅離、搜捕和平示威人士

（臺北：2022.12.07）我們以下團體聯合發出聲明，要求中國政府恪守其憲法以及其為締約成員的聯合國《禁止酷刑和其他殘忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或處罰公約》的義務，並作爲《公民與政治權利國際公約》簽署國的承諾，尊重其人民的隱私、言論並和平集會與結社的自由，停止以暴力或法外手段，濫用刑典，對待行使其基本人權和自由的民眾。

由悼念新疆維吾爾自治區首府烏魯木齊火災引發的街頭集會和抗議活動，連日在中國多個城市蔓延，群眾表達對清零政策帶來的嚴厲封控措施以至對當權者的不滿，部份人士手持白紙，並訴求公民的人權與基本自由。這是典型的官逼民反，也是民眾對威權長期以高壓手段管治的必然反彈。

雖然部分地方政府宣佈緩和防疫措施，試圖為抗議活動降溫，但據悉，中國官方已在各地展開搜捕行動，部分被捕者更失去聯絡，恐怕已被強迫失蹤。我們亦注意到，警察正在干預律師介入個案，有律師受到當局警告不能參與個案，亦有律師的電話通訊受到阻截。警察也在街頭截查公民的電子器材，強迫他們刪除通話軟體以及與抗議有關的内容和照片。由於缺乏透明而可靠的官方資訊，我們極度關注有關情況可能達至的規模和嚴重性，同時呼籲國際社會繼續監督事態發展，並譴責所有與此次鎮壓有關的人權違反事件。

我們特別指出，中華人民共和國憲法除了第35條保障公民有「言論、出版、集會、結社、遊行、示威」的自由，第40條確認公民的通信自由和通信秘密受法律的保護外，第41條亦保障公民有向任何國家機關和國家工作人員，提出批評和建議的權利。中國的刑事訴訟法亦賦予犯罪嫌疑人和被告各種刑事程序上的保障和規範，包括家屬適時獲得通知、被告獲得律師代表及會見、公正審判的權利。中國在1988年批准的《禁止酷刑公約》亦嚴禁一切形式的酷刑和不人道對待。《公民與政治權利國際公約》第19條和21條分別保障表達自由和和平集會的權利。

就此，我們要求中國政府立即：

尊重憲法賦予的隱私權、和平集會和表達的權利和自由，確保警察的所有行動都符合國際準則，包括《聯合國執法人員使用武力與火器的基本原則》的規範。
停止追捕因參與和平抗議的所有人士，並確保所有遭受暴力對待的人士得到有效的救濟。
停止監控、騷擾、虐待、搜查和任意拘捕獨立報導抗議事件的記者和新聞自由捍衛者。
公布因近日和平抗議而被扣押人員數目及其被指控罪名。
確保相關被拘禁人士的家人獲得通知其所在及其被指控罪名。
確保目前因此次抗議行動被拘禁人士的身心安全，並保障其基本權利包括會見及自行選任律師。
停止干預、騷擾和恐嚇律師和法律專業人士，以及其他公開關注和接受相關案件委託者。

聯署(依英文名字母排序)

國際特赦組織
Article 19
亞洲公民未來協會
北京之春
維吾爾運動
改變中國
中國政治犯關注
對華援助協會
中國人權捍衛者
Christian Solidarity Worldwide
公民力量
中國良心犯關注組
台中好民文化行動協會
民主中國
對話中國
財團法人陳文成博士紀念基金會
自由之家
前線衛士
西藏台灣人權連線
Human Rights Now
人權觀察
人道中國
香港民主委員會
香港監察
獨立中文筆會
國際人民律師協會
國際人權服務社
國際西藏網路秘書處
財團法人民間司法改革基金會
民主中國
社團法人華人民主書院協會
無國界記者組織
保護衛士
自由西藏學生運動
台灣廢除死刑推動聯盟
台灣人權促進會
台灣民間真相與和解促進會
台灣永社
台灣勞工陣線協會
行動山棧花
臺灣聲援中國人權律師網絡
The Rights Practice
台灣聯合國協進會
29原則
西藏人權與民主中心
西藏正義中心
美國維吾爾族協會
維吾爾人權項目
世界維吾爾代表大會

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（英文版）

Joint Statement

Respect Freedoms of Expression, Press and Assembly in China

Stop violent crackdown and arrests of peaceful protesters

(Taipei, 2022-12-07) We, the undersigned, call on the Chinese government to strictly abide by its obligations under the Chinese Constitution and the United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, as well as its commitment as a signatory to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and respect peoples’ basic rights to privacy, freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly. The Chinese government should cease abusing the criminal code to detain peaceful protesters, harassing those who defend protesters’ rights, and immediately halt, investigate and prosecute any use of violence or extrajudicial measures by authorities against those who exercise their basic human rights and freedoms.

Over the past week, peaceful rallies and protests triggered by mourning the victims of the fatal fire in Urumqi have spread in a number of cities in China. People took to the streets to express their frustration with the severe lockdowns measures brought about by the zero-COVID policy. Some held white sheets of paper, expressed their discontent with the government or appealed for their human rights and fundamental freedoms. This set of protests is an example of people standing up to the repressive rule of an authoritarian regime.

Although some local governments have announced relaxed quarantine measures in an attempt to calm the protests, we understand that the Chinese authorities are at the same time cracking down on protesters across the country, and that some of those arrested have gone missing and are feared to have been forcibly disappeared. It has also come to our attention that the authorities are interfering with the protesters’ right to legal representation. Some lawyers have been warned by local authorities not to take up the cases, some others have had incoming calls to their mobile phones suddenly cut. Police have also stopped citizens on the street, inspected their electronic devices, and forced them to delete certain applications, content, and photos related to the protests on their phones. Given the lack of credible and transparent official information, we are extremely concerned about the possible magnitude and seriousness of the situation. We urge the international community to continue to monitor the situation and to condemn the ongoing rights abuses associated with the crackdown.

We would like to point out in particular that Article 35 of the People’s Republic of China Constitution guarantees citizens the freedom of "speech, press, assembly, association, procession, and demonstration,"; Article 40 protects citizens’ right to protection of and non-interference with their privacy of correspondence; and Article 41 stipulates that citizens have the right to criticize any state agency or staff and to make recommendations. China's Criminal Procedure Law also guarantees the basic rights for suspects and defendants in the criminal process, including but not limited to the right to timely notification of family members, the rights to be represented and seen by lawyers, and the right to fair trial. The UN Convention against Torture, which China ratified in 1988, forbids all forms of torture and ill treatment. Article 19 and 21 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights furthermore enshrine the rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly.

In this regard, we call on the Chinese government to immediately:

Respect the rights to privacy and to freedoms of peaceful assembly and expression enshrined in the Constitution and international human rights law, and ensure all police responses are in line with international standards, including the United Nations Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials;
Stop pursuing persons involved in peaceful protests, and ensure that anyone subject to violations of their rights can seek effective remedy;
Stop surveilling, harassing, mistreating, searching and arbitrarily arresting journalists and press freedom defenders for independently reporting on the protests;
Publish the number of persons detained for taking part in peaceful protests; provide details of their alleged crimes;
Ensure that the family members of all those deprived of liberty are notified of their whereabouts and the charges made against them;
Ensure the physical and psychological safety and wellbeing of all those currently deprived of liberty on grounds related to the recent protests, and guarantee their rights, including to meet with a lawyer of their own choice; and
Stop interfering with, harassing and intimidating lawyers and legal professionals, human rights defenders, and others who openly express concern about the protesters or who defend the right to peaceful protest.

Co-signatories (in alphabetical order)